TestNG vs JUnit 5

Free and open source

Free and open source

Free and open source. You pay in engineering time and CI minutes.

Free and open source. You pay in engineering time and CI minutes.

Everything, self-hosted

Everything, self-hosted

Widely used

TestNG Team · since 2004

Category standard

JUnit Team · since 2017

• Mature parallel-execution and grouping model, ideal for large Selenium suites.
• Data providers make data-driven testing straightforward.
• Test dependencies and ordering, which JUnit deliberately avoids.

• Universal support across IDEs, build tools and CI in the Java ecosystem.
• The extension model replaced JUnit 4's runners and rules with something composable.
• Pairs cleanly with Mockito, AssertJ, Spring Test and Testcontainers.

• XML suite configuration is dated and error-prone.
• Test dependencies encourage ordering coupling that makes suites fragile.
• Community momentum favours JUnit 5 for new projects.

• Java verbosity persists — expect more lines per test than in Python or JavaScript.
• Parallel execution is opt-in and still occasionally surprising.
• Mixed JUnit 4 and 5 codebases need the vintage engine and stay confusing for years.

Java Selenium automation frameworks and large integration suites.

Every Java and Kotlin project on the JVM.